Almond and soy milk have become leading dairy alternatives, embraced by consumers for health, ethical, and environmental reasons. Almond milk, made by blending almonds with water, offers a nutty flavor and low-calorie profile, while soy milk, derived from soybeans, boasts a creamier texture and higher protein content. The popularity of these options has surged as more people adopt plant-based lifestyles or seek lactose-free milk options.

According to AFN, the plant-based milk sales have grown by over 81% vs 2019 in US foodservice. This trend is driven by factors including lactose intolerance, health benefits, environmental sustainability, and ethical concerns over animal welfare.

Health Benefits of Almond and Soy Milk

Both almond and soy milk offer distinct health benefits supported by research, making them valuable additions to a balanced diet.

Almond Milk

• Rich in Vitamin E

  Almond milk is a good source of vitamin E, an antioxidant that supports skin health and protects cells from oxidative damage, which is linked to aging and chronic diseases.

  A study by the National Institute of Health highlighted the association between vitamin E-rich diets and lower rates of cardiovascular disease and improved skin health.

• Heart Health:

  Almond milk is naturally low in saturated fat and cholesterol-free, making it a heart-friendly choice. Research published by the National Library of Medicine suggests that reducing saturated fat intake can lower the risk of heart disease.

• Weight Management:

  With fewer calories than dairy milk, especially in unsweetened versions, almond milk can aid in weight management. Studies show that reducing calorie intake while maintaining nutrient levels supports healthy weight management.

Soy Milk

• Complete Protein Source

  Unlike most plant-based milk, soy milk contains all essential amino acids, making it a complete protein source beneficial for muscle maintenance and repair.

  According to research published in PubMed, soy protein supports muscle health for both adults and growing children.

• Hormonal Balance and Bone Health

  Soy milk contains isoflavones, plant compounds that may help balance hormones in post-menopausal women. A study in Science Direct by The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition indicates that isoflavones have protective effects on bone health and may alleviate menopausal symptoms.

• Heart Health

  Regular consumption of soy protein has been shown to reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol levels, potentially lowering the risk of heart disease.

  A meta-analysis published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that soy protein significantly reduces cholesterol, providing cardiovascular benefits. To add more soy protein for your heart health, consider also foods like tempeh, edamame, soy yogurt, or tofu.

Nutritional Comparison

Below is a comprehensive nutritional profile of unsweetened almond and soy milk, using data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).

The nutrient content of almond and soy milk can vary by brand, with some containing added sugar, salt, or preservatives. These additions may increase the carbohydrate content and calorie count.

Additionally, most brands of plant-based milk alternatives are fortified with calcium and vitamin D to more closely resemble the nutrient profile of cow's milk.

Other Uses of Almond or Soya Milk

Almond milk’s light, slightly nutty flavor works well in smoothies, cereals, and cold beverages like iced lattes. In plant-based cooking, almond milk can be added to oatmeal, chia puddings, and light soups. It may not be ideal for recipes requiring creaminess, as its texture is thinner than soy milk.

With a creamier texture, soy milk is versatile in cooking and suitable for both sweet and savory recipes like vegan mac and cheese, creamy soups, and baked goods. Soy milk’s consistency also makes it popular in coffee drinks and lattes, as it froths well and holds its texture.

Disadvantages

While almond and soy milk offer numerous benefits, they also have some limitations compared to cow’s milk.

Lower Nutrient Density Compared to Cow’s Milk

Both almond and soy milk contain fewer natural nutrients than cow’s milk. Dairy milk naturally has more calcium, vitamin D, and B vitamins, though many plant-based milks are fortified to provide similar levels.

Potential Additives

Plant-based milks often include additives like carrageenan, gums, and stabilizers to improve texture and shelf life. Research on carrageenan has raised concerns, as studies suggest it may contribute to digestive inflammation in some individuals. Choosing brands without carrageenan or with minimal additives is recommended.

Allergies

Soy and almond are common allergens. Soy allergies are prevalent in the U.S., and almond milk, being a tree nut product, may trigger allergic reactions. For those with allergies, alternative plant-based milks like oat or rice milk may be better options.

Environmental Impact

The environmental impact of almond and soy milk production has been widely discussed, especially in comparison to dairy milk.

Almond production is highly water-intensive, particularly in California, where water scarcity is an ongoing issue. It takes approximately 1.1 gallons of water to produce a single almond, raising concerns about the sustainability of almond farming in drought-prone areas (Penn State University).

Soybeans require less water than almonds, making soy milk more water-efficient. However, soy farming is linked to deforestation in the Amazon to create farmland, although U.S.-based soy milk brands often source domestically, reducing deforestation impacts (Journal of Cleaner Production).

Comparison to cow’s milk

Dairy milk production has a higher carbon footprint and contributes to methane emissions. Research published by Bastyr University suggests that plant-based milk, including almond and soy, has a significantly lower environmental impact than dairy milk, making them more sustainable choices.

Major Producers in the U.S.

The U.S. market for almond and soy milk is dominated by a few major brands:

• Almond Breeze: Produced by Blue Diamond Growers, Almond Breeze is a leading almond milk brand known for smooth texture and fortified varieties.

• Silk: Owned by Danone, Silk produces both almond and soy milk, becoming a household name in plant-based milk alternatives.

• Califia Farms: This premium brand offers a variety of almond milk products and has committed to eco-friendly packaging and sourcing.

These companies have significantly shaped the plant-based milk market, though large-scale production still entails environmental considerations, including resource use and packaging waste.

Other Plant-Based Milk Alternatives

For those interested in alternatives to almond and soy milk, other plant-based options include:

• Oat Milk: Known for its creamy texture and lower environmental impact, oat milk is gaining popularity.

• Coconut Milk: Often used in tropical recipes, coconut milk is rich but lower in protein.

• Hemp Milk: Contains omega-3 fatty acids, providing heart health benefits.

• Rice Milk: Naturally sweet and suitable for those with nut or soy allergies, though low in protein.

Each milk type offers unique qualities, catering to various dietary needs and culinary applications.

Summary and Recommendations

Both almond and soy milk are valuable dairy alternatives with distinct health, environmental, and nutritional profiles.

Who Should Choose Almond Milk

• Individuals focused on reducing calorie intake

• People without nut allergies who want a light milk for drinks and cereals

• Those interested in skin health due to the vitamin E content

Who Should Choose Soy Milk

• People seeking a higher-protein milk alternative

• Those needing a versatile option for cooking, baking, and creamy recipes

• Consumers looking for sustainable options with less water use than almond milk

In choosing between almond and soy milk, the best option depends on your unique needs and values. Whether you prioritize protein, flavor, or eco-friendliness, almond and soy milk are excellent options for embracing a plant-based lifestyle with taste and nutrition in mind.